This session focuses on examining and dissecting local, state, and federally sponsored Anti-Black and Pro-White laws, policies, and practices which prevailed throughout 20th - century America. It explores the personal and political ideologies of American leaders including presidents, and the programs that they, their constituents, and beneficiaries

produced and supported that have led to current-day racial inequities and disparities in the United States. In part one, much of the focus centers on administrations of Presidents Woodrow Wilson (and his New Freedom), Calvin Coolidge, Herbert Hoover, and Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s New Deal. The course also explores a combination of pivotal state and U.S. Supreme Court decisions that enabled and facilitated racial imbalances in housing, health, economics, education, employment, incarceration, and all other institutional outcomes. It highlights the ongoing domestic terrorism White

Americans continued enacting upon Black people during this period, as the result of Black people making, and attempting to make improvements in education, entrepreneurship, economics, employment, and housing – and also discusses the ways in which such progress and opportunities were stifled and halted by legal, programmatic, and systematic oppression (facilitated at all government and political levels; local, state, and federal); as well as the emergence of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), Congress on Racial Equality (CORE), and other civil rights organizations. The years covered are approximately 1900-1940.